Development and Health: Can-Do checklist

Group 2 Environmental Interactions (Human)

By the end of this topic you should be able to:

• identify and describe examples of economic and social indicators of development (such as GNP per capita) which might be used to show socio-economic differences between countries, and suggest how the indicators might illustrate the level of development of a country

• describe differences in the level of development between countries (from a table) and suggest reasons for the differences

• suggest examples of socio-economic indicators of development which could be used to produce world maps showing e.g. ‘Economically more developed and less developed countries’, ‘World human development index’, ‘Physical quality of life index’, and ‘High-, middle- and low-income countries’, and comment on their usefulness

• describe and account for similarities and differences between the patterns shown by such world maps

• referring to any composite measure of development, such as the ‘Human development index’, describe the development indicators which might be used in its calculation and comment on their usefulness.

Referring to case studies you have studied (Brazil and Ethiopia):

• describe and suggest reasons for variations in levels of development within and between countries

• explain why development indicators such as GNP per capita may not accurately reflect differences in the real standard of living or quality of life within countries

• explain the factors which lead to malnutrition and the downward spiral of sickness and poverty

• describe and suggest reasons for differences in the provision of safe water and sanitation between urban and rural areas (shown e.g. in a table or map)

• discuss the physical and human factors which might be responsible for wide variations in life expectancy (shown e.g. in a table or map).

For any named infectious disease or water-related disease in the ELDCs (Malaria):

• describe the physical (environmental) and human factors which can contribute to the spread of the disease and put people at risk

• describe the methods used to control the disease and comment on their success.

Referring to case studies you have studied in the ELDCs (Chogoria Hospital):

• explain why a lack of clean water and inadequate sanitation often lead to high disease rates, and suggest how water and sanitation problems have been tackled

• suggest why childhood mortality rates are so high, describe the steps being taken to reduce the causes of child deaths, and comment on their effectiveness

• describe and explain the primary health care methods used to improve standards of health, and explain why these are appropriate policies for improving health standards

• explain how disease prevention will benefit ELDCs.